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Design principles of information identification systems

(Summary description)The best visual effect of the information sign system can provide passengers with the most effective route-limiting functions, including instructions, warnings and other related information, and its design should follow the following main design principles. eye-catching design principles The information signage system of the passenger station mainly conveys information through vision, and its function is directly affected by the effect of visual communication. Therefore, the design of the signage system must follow the eye-catching design principles. The requirement of the principle of conspicuousness is that in the process of sign design, the sign should have a strong visual impact on the passenger flow in the passenger station environment, and quickly capture the eyes and attention of the passenger flow at the first time. The visual principle and the color principle show that the color of the object is the first to cause people's visual sensitivity, so the processing of color is the key to the eye-catching design of the logo. Therefore, we can make full use of these theories to make the logo system design striking. The color with high purity or the color combination with strong contrast is very attractive. Using this color principle to apply a color different from the overall background space of the station to the information sign system will give an excellent emphasis and highlight to the sign part. Effect. Simple logo graphics and text with a large area of ​​bright background color will effectively highlight the visual effect of the logo. The 180-degree complementary contrast of colors can effectively improve the stimulation of the logo. It is beneficial to push the two colors to each other, making the red more red and the green more green, so as to better attract people's attention. In addition, the treatment of space, the contrast of materials, the use of lighting and many other techniques can help make the sign the visual center of the station space environment and the visual focus of the passenger flow. Another aspect of the principle of conspicuousness is that the information carriers such as words and symbols that reflect information must meet certain size requirements, so as to ensure that the flow of passengers is beyond a certain distance, especially in the places where the orientation and direction must be judged. can see, see clearly. The principle of conspicuousness also requires that the identification system must be clearly distinguishable, that is to say, the information identification system of the passenger station must be easily distinguishable from facilities such as advertisements, posters, posters, commercial signs, etc., so as to prevent passengers from being confused and affecting the function of the sign. play. For example, the signs at the entrances and exits of some passenger stations in China are not as eye-catching as the billboards next to them in terms of size or color, so that the first time passengers see commercial service areas such as KFC and McDonald's, The information required for the purpose of the ride is elusive. Generally speaking, such problems can be solved by different design styles, design forms or setting different positions. Design Principles of Simplicity The design principle of simplicity is one of the basic principles of all visual communication design, and it is also one of the basic principles and requirements of the design of the passenger station information sign system. and assurance of understanding of the identification information. Generally speaking, passengers have a distinctive feature when reading the sign information, that is, they read while moving. In this way, the orderly, rapid and continuous flow and evacuation of passengers outside and inside the station can be effectively guaranteed. The visual principle shows that movement In this state, people's eyesight will be appropriately reduced. In the crowded and moving behavior of passengers, if passengers need to pause or stop for a long time because of poor readability of the sign information, it will cause unnecessary congestion of people, which affects It has the function of effective and rapid personnel evacuation with information identification. The principle of simplicity of the information identification system requires that the text and graphics used for the information carrier must be simple and direct. In order to speed up the reading and comprehension of passengers, the identification should use simple, clear and well-known standard terms, and remove some optional words as much as possible. The text and graphics should be quite simple and easy to understand and accept, and it should also ensure that this understanding and acceptance can be applied to passengers of various levels. The principle of simplicity of the information identification system also requires that the text and graphics used to reflect the information must be correct and clear. On the one hand, the information c

Design principles of information identification systems

(Summary description)The best visual effect of the information sign system can provide passengers with the most effective route-limiting functions, including instructions, warnings and other related information, and its design should follow the following main design principles.
eye-catching design principles
The information signage system of the passenger station mainly conveys information through vision, and its function is directly affected by the effect of visual communication. Therefore, the design of the signage system must follow the eye-catching design principles. The requirement of the principle of conspicuousness is that in the process of sign design, the sign should have a strong visual impact on the passenger flow in the passenger station environment, and quickly capture the eyes and attention of the passenger flow at the first time.
The visual principle and the color principle show that the color of the object is the first to cause people's visual sensitivity, so the processing of color is the key to the eye-catching design of the logo. Therefore, we can make full use of these theories to make the logo system design striking. The color with high purity or the color combination with strong contrast is very attractive. Using this color principle to apply a color different from the overall background space of the station to the information sign system will give an excellent emphasis and highlight to the sign part. Effect. Simple logo graphics and text with a large area of ​​bright background color will effectively highlight the visual effect of the logo. The 180-degree complementary contrast of colors can effectively improve the stimulation of the logo. It is beneficial to push the two colors to each other, making the red more red and the green more green, so as to better attract people's attention. In addition, the treatment of space, the contrast of materials, the use of lighting and many other techniques can help make the sign the visual center of the station space environment and the visual focus of the passenger flow.
Another aspect of the principle of conspicuousness is that the information carriers such as words and symbols that reflect information must meet certain size requirements, so as to ensure that the flow of passengers is beyond a certain distance, especially in the places where the orientation and direction must be judged. can see, see clearly.
The principle of conspicuousness also requires that the identification system must be clearly distinguishable, that is to say, the information identification system of the passenger station must be easily distinguishable from facilities such as advertisements, posters, posters, commercial signs, etc., so as to prevent passengers from being confused and affecting the function of the sign. play. For example, the signs at the entrances and exits of some passenger stations in China are not as eye-catching as the billboards next to them in terms of size or color, so that the first time passengers see commercial service areas such as KFC and McDonald's, The information required for the purpose of the ride is elusive. Generally speaking, such problems can be solved by different design styles, design forms or setting different positions.
Design Principles of Simplicity
The design principle of simplicity is one of the basic principles of all visual communication design, and it is also one of the basic principles and requirements of the design of the passenger station information sign system. and assurance of understanding of the identification information.
Generally speaking, passengers have a distinctive feature when reading the sign information, that is, they read while moving. In this way, the orderly, rapid and continuous flow and evacuation of passengers outside and inside the station can be effectively guaranteed. The visual principle shows that movement In this state, people's eyesight will be appropriately reduced. In the crowded and moving behavior of passengers, if passengers need to pause or stop for a long time because of poor readability of the sign information, it will cause unnecessary congestion of people, which affects It has the function of effective and rapid personnel evacuation with information identification.
The principle of simplicity of the information identification system requires that the text and graphics used for the information carrier must be simple and direct. In order to speed up the reading and comprehension of passengers, the identification should use simple, clear and well-known standard terms, and remove some optional words as much as possible. The text and graphics should be quite simple and easy to understand and accept, and it should also ensure that this understanding and acceptance can be applied to passengers of various levels.
The principle of simplicity of the information identification system also requires that the text and graphics used to reflect the information must be correct and clear. On the one hand, the information c

Information
信息标识系统的最佳视觉效果可以给乘客提供最有效的路线限定的功能,包括指示、警示等相关信息,其设计应该遵循以下的主要设计原则。
醒目性设计原则
客运站信息标识系统主要是通过视觉传达信息的,其功能发挥程度直接受到视觉传达效果的影响,所以标识系统的设计一定要遵循醒目性的设计原则。醒目性原则的要求是,在标识设计的过程中,标识在客运站环境中要能给乘客人流产生视觉上的强烈冲击,要在第一时间快速抓住乘客人流的眼睛和注意力。
视觉原理和色彩原理表明,最先引起人们眼睛视觉敏感的是物体的色彩,所以对色彩The best visual effect of the information sign system can provide passengers with the most effective route-limiting functions, including instructions, warnings and other related information, and its design should follow the following main design principles.
eye-catching design principles
The information signage system of the passenger station mainly conveys information through vision, and its function is directly affected by the effect of visual communication. Therefore, the design of the signage system must follow the eye-catching design principles. The requirement of the principle of conspicuousness is that in the process of sign design, the sign should have a strong visual impact on the passenger flow in the passenger station environment, and quickly capture the eyes and attention of the passenger flow at the first time.
The visual principle and the color principle show that the color of the object is the first to cause people's visual sensitivity, so the processing of color is the key to the eye-catching design of the logo. Therefore, we can make full use of these theories to make the logo system design striking. The color with high purity or the color combination with strong contrast is very attractive. Using this color principle to apply a color different from the overall background space of the station to the information sign system will give an excellent emphasis and highlight to the sign part. Effect. Simple logo graphics and text with a large area of ​​bright background color will effectively highlight the visual effect of the logo. The 180-degree complementary contrast of colors can effectively improve the stimulation of the logo. It is beneficial to push the two colors to each other, making the red more red and the green more green, so as to better attract people's attention. In addition, the treatment of space, the contrast of materials, the use of lighting and many other techniques can help make the sign the visual center of the station space environment and the visual focus of the passenger flow.
Another aspect of the principle of conspicuousness is that the information carriers such as words and symbols that reflect information must meet certain size requirements, so as to ensure that the flow of passengers is beyond a certain distance, especially in the places where the orientation and direction must be judged. can see, see clearly.
The principle of conspicuousness also requires that the identification system must be clearly distinguishable, that is to say, the information identification system of the passenger station must be easily distinguishable from facilities such as advertisements, posters, posters, commercial signs, etc., so as to prevent passengers from being confused and affecting the function of the sign. play. For example, the signs at the entrances and exits of some passenger stations in China are not as eye-catching as the billboards next to them in terms of size or color, so that the first time passengers see commercial service areas such as KFC and McDonald's, The information required for the purpose of the ride is elusive. Generally speaking, such problems can be solved by different design styles, design forms or setting different positions.
Design Principles of Simplicity
The design principle of simplicity is one of the basic principles of all visual communication design, and it is also one of the basic principles and requirements of the design of the passenger station information sign system. and assurance of understanding of the identification information.
Generally speaking, passengers have a distinctive feature when reading the sign information, that is, they read while moving. In this way, the orderly, rapid and continuous flow and evacuation of passengers outside and inside the station can be effectively guaranteed. The visual principle shows that movement In this state, people's eyesight will be appropriately reduced. In the crowded and moving behavior of passengers, if passengers need to pause or stop for a long time because of poor readability of the sign information, it will cause unnecessary congestion of people, which affects It has the function of effective and rapid personnel evacuation with information identification.
The principle of simplicity of the information identification system requires that the text and graphics used for the information carrier must be simple and direct. In order to speed up the reading and comprehension of passengers, the identification should use simple, clear and well-known standard terms, and remove some optional words as much as possible. The text and graphics should be quite simple and easy to understand and accept, and it should also ensure that this understanding and acceptance can be applied to passengers of various levels.
The principle of simplicity of the information identification system also requires that the text and graphics used to reflect the information must be correct and clear. On the one hand, the information conveyed by the logo text and graphics to passengers must be in line with the actual situation, and the correctness must be ensured, and wrong information will bring serious consequences; Use ambiguous text and graphics.
In addition, the principle of simplicity of the information identification system also has certain requirements on the information quantity and information quality of the identification. The principle of visual capacity shows that the visual information capacity that human eyes can accept in a certain period of time is certain. If the information volume and information density of the logo are too large, it will cause inferior stimulation of visual perception, which will directly affect the function of logo design. If the information of the sign is too complex, passengers will have to choose, confirm and remember among a lot of information, which will bring inconvenience to people's positioning and orientation; if the information of the sign is too small, it may affect the sign information comprehensiveness. Therefore, the logo should have a reasonable and scientific amount of information. As for the information quality of the logo, it mainly refers to the organization and setting of information carriers such as text and graphics. The logo should pay attention to the arrangement and combination of information symbols in shape and composition, which is in line with people's reading habits and the order of sight movement. The neat and orderly arrangement and combination of information symbols will help to reduce the gaze time and reading comprehension speed of passengers.
normative design principles
As a public activity space, the railway passenger station determines that it often gathers a large number of unspecified public people. Therefore, the design of the passenger station information identification system that provides the necessary information to the public must follow the normative design principles. Normative means that the information carriers used to express information content, such as words, languages, graphics, symbols, etc., must comply with relevant national norms and standards during logo design, and traditional Chinese characters, handwritten characters, self-created symbols, etc. should not be used. An information carrier expression that may negatively affect passenger acceptance and understanding. Because only in compliance with normative design principles, can the information transmitted by the sign system be accepted and understood by the vast majority of passengers.的处理是标识醒目性设计的关键。因此,我们可以充分运用这些理论,使标识系统设计达到醒目的目的。纯度高的色彩或对比强烈的色彩组合具有很强的诱目性,利用这一色彩原理对信息标识系统施以不同于车站整体背景空间的色彩,会对标识部位得到极好的强调作用和突出效果。简单的标识图形与文字配以大面积鲜艳的背景色,会有效突出标识的视觉效果,采用色彩的180度互补对比,可以有效提高标识的刺激度,如把红色和绿色大量安排在一起,更有利于将两色互相推至及至,使红的更红,绿的更绿,从而更好的引起人们的注意。此外,空间的处理、材质的对比、灯光的运用等诸多手法都可有助于使标识称为车站空间环境的视觉中心,称为乘客人流的视觉焦点。
醒目性原则的另一方面是指标识反映信息的文字、符号等信息载体必须满足一定的大小要求,以便保证乘客人流在一定的距离之外,特别是在对方位和方向必须作出判断的地方,就能看到、看清楚。
醒目性原则还要求标识系统必须明显的区别性,也就是说客运站信息标识系统必须能轻易的与诸如广告画、海报、宣传画、商业标识等设施区分开,以免乘客混淆而影响标识的功能发挥。例如,在国内有些客运站出入站口处的标识牌,无论是体量还是色彩都没有旁边的广告牌醒目,使得乘客在第一时间看到的永远是肯德基、麦当劳之类的商业服务区,而乘车目的所需的信息却难以辨认。一般来说,可以通过设计风格、设计形式的不同或设置不同的位置来解决此类问题。
简单性设计原则
简单性设计原则是所有视觉传达设计的基本原则之一,也是客运站信息标识系统设计的基本原则和需求之一,简单主要指的就是简单易读,这是乘客在站内能在最短时间内接受和理解标识信息的保证。
通常来说,乘客在阅读标识信息时有一个显著特征,那就是一边移动一边阅读,这样的话,可以有效保证乘客在站外和站内有序、快速、连续的流动和疏散,视觉原理表明,运动状态下,人的视力会适当下降,在乘客人流拥挤和运动的行为状态下,如果因为标识信息的可读性差而使乘客需要停顿或长时间驻足,会造成不必要的人流阻塞,这就影响了信息标识有效、快速的人员疏散功能。
信息标识系统的简单性原则要求用于信息载体的文字与图形必须简单、直接,为了加快乘客的阅读理解速度,标识应该采用简单明了的、众所周知的标准用语,尽可能的去掉一些可有可无的文字与图形,应该具有相当的简易性而易于理解和接受,而且还应保证这种理解与接受能够适用于各种不同层次的乘客。
信息标识系统的简单性原则还要求用来反映信息的文字与图形必须正确、明确。一方面,标识文字与图形给乘客传达的信息必须符合实际情况,必须确保正确性,错误的信息将带来严重的后果;另一方面,标识文字与图形应该表达处相当确切的信息,切勿使用带有歧义的文字与图形。
此外,信息标识系统的简单性原则对标识的信息量与信息质量也有一定的要求。视觉容量原理表明,人的眼睛在一定时间内所能接受的视觉信息容量是一定的,如果标识的信息量与信息密度过大,会造成视知觉的劣性刺激,从而直接导致影响标识设计的功能与效果;如果标识的信息过于复杂,乘客将不得不在众多信息之间进行选择、确认与记忆,结果给人们定位和定向带来不便;如果标识的信息量过少,则有可能会影响标识信息的全面性。所以,标识应该具有合理、科学的信息量,而至于标识的信息质量,主要是指文字、图形等信息载体之间的组织与设置问题。标识应该注重信息符号在造型与构图上的排列组合问题,符合人们阅读习惯和视线移动顺序,整齐有序的信息符号排列组合方式,有助于缩小乘客的注视时间和阅读理解速度。
规范性设计原则
铁路客运站作为一种公共活动空间,决定了其经常聚集着大量不特定的公共人群,所以,作为向公众提供必需信息的客运站信息标识系统的设计,必须遵循规范性设计原则。规范性是指在标识设计时,用于表达信息内容的信息载体,比如文字、语言、图形、符号等,必须符合国家相关的规范和标准,而不宜采用繁体字、手写字、自创符号等可能对乘客接受与理解产生负面影响的信息载体表达方式。因为只有符合规范性设计原则,才能保证标识系统所传递的信息对绝大多数乘客的接受性和理解性。
 

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